You are standing at a place where Einstein taught, where Hegel philosophized—and where, just a few decades later, flames raged, devouring the books of Heine, Brecht, and many others. You are at Humboldt University, right in the heart of Berlin—a place that, like few others, reflects both the heights and the abysses of German history.
Founded in 1810 by Wilhelm von Humboldt, it quickly became a crucible of ideas for research, teaching, and intellectual freedom. Renowned scholars and thinkers shaped generations here. Yet, on May 10, 1933, this freedom collapsed brutally: National Socialists organized the infamous book burning on Opernplatz, directly in front of the university. Thousands of books deemed “un-German”—works by writers, Jewish authors, and political dissidents—were cast into the fire. Student helpers hurled the books onto the pyres while speeches celebrated the ideology of the National Socialists. It was a symbol of censorship, oppression, and the deliberate destruction of free thought.
After the war, the university was situated in East Berlin and fell under the influence of the GDR. It was not until reunification in 1990 that it returned to its original spirit of openness. Today, Humboldt University is once again an international hub for exchange—a place where knowledge is shared, debated, and advanced.
As you stand here, you can sense a blend of pride and solemn warning: a remembrance of great ideas—and of the responsibility to protect them. Image 1: By Christian Wolf (www.c-w-design.de), CC BY-SA 3.0 de, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=42539903
Image 2: By Unknown author – This image is available under the digital ID ppmsca.00342 in the Prints and Photographs Division of the U.S. Library of Congress. Public domain, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=442848
Image 3: By Bundesarchiv, Image 102-14597 / Georg Pahl / CC-BY-SA 3.0, CC BY-SA 3.0 de, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=5415527
Image 4: By Bundesarchiv, Image 102-14598 / CC-BY-SA 3.0, CC BY-SA 3.0 de, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=5415528